The most interesting of the ruminants is the timarau (Bubalus mindorensis, Heude), peculiar to Mindoro.
The domestic Indian buffalo (Bos bubalus) exists as a wild animal in North Australia; it is very liable to revert to a wild state, being little altered from its still-existing wild ancestor.
The remains of a gigantic ox, Bubalus Baini, have been obtained from the alluvium near the Modder river.
They are divisible into two groups, an African and an Asiatic, both of which are generally included in the sub-genus, or genus, Bubalus, although the latter are sometimes separated as Buffelus.
Boulenger, "Ceratohyla bubalus carrying eggs on its back," P.Z.S., 1903, ii.