Heavily nitrated hay is reputed to produce excessive urination and irritation of the bladder.
It is estimated that 50 percent of adult women experience at least one episode of dysuria (painful urination); half of these people have a bacterial UTI.
The early symptoms of cystitis in women are dysuria (pain on urination); urgency (a sudden strong desire to urinate); and increased frequency of urination.
In children, cystitis causes pain and tenderness in the lower abdomen, frequent urination, blood in the urine, and fever.
Persons of either gender may be given phenazopyridine or flavoxate to relieve painful urination.
