When the measurement of a time interval depends on an.
Removing the summation signs in equation (52) in order to restrict its application to two points and dividing by the common time interval during which the respective small displacements ds and ds were made, it becomes Pdsfdt = Rds/dt, that is, Pv = Rv, which shows that the force ratio is the inverse of the velocity ratio.
Both the spectral and time-interval profiles have the units of frequency, and together they can explain most pitch perceptions.
We also have to add in the planetary precession, which decreases the RA by a quantity a, during the same time interval.
If a is variable, then the formula must be applied in a series of steps, each step corresponding to a time interval over which the acceleration may be assumed uniform.