The critics of Aquinas - Duns Scotus and the later Nominalists - show some tendency towards rational scepticism.
Further, while the genius of Aquinas was constructive, that of Duns Scotus was destructive; Aquinas was a philosopher, Duns a critic. The latter has been said to stand to the former in the relation of Kant to Leibnitz.
More importance attaches to Duns Scotus, who brings prominently forward the idea of a progressive development in nature by means of a process of determination.
This serves Duns Scotus as the most universal basis of existence, all angels having material bodies.
In the matter of Universals, Duns was more of a realist and less of an eclectic than Aquinas.
