With the approval of Commodore Dewey, who allowed arms to be supplied him, Aguinaldo successfully renewed his campaign against the Spaniards until practically all Luzon, except the city of Manila and suburbs, was in his control.
The refusal of General Merritt to permit Aguinaldo's troops to enter Manila created resentment on the part of the Filipinos.
At the same time the Visayan Republic was organized, and it professed allegiance to Aguinaldo's government.
Neither Aguinaldo's government nor the Visayan government was able to maintain order, and the whole country was subject to the looting of robber bands.
With the capture of Aguinaldo on the 23rd of March 1901, the resistance became little more than that of guerrillas.